Fruit thorn anoda which is a tongue medicine

Fruit thorn anoda which is a tongue medicine

Thorn anoda is considered to be a plant native to Central America. Among the most popular anodized species locally as well as in other countries, thorn anoda, sand anoda, sugar anoda and cherimoya are the most popular and the most widespread anoda among tropical countries. This is a popular fruit that is also grown in foreign countries. Thorn anodes are grown in all states except Cuba, Mexico, Central and South America, and China, except in the temperate and snowy regions of Brazil. A special place has been created for thorn anodes in the local as well as foreign markets.

Fruit

Often heart-shaped or oval in shape. The average weight of a nut is around 450-1500 grams. In some cases, fruits weighing 2 to 3 kg can be seen. The largest fruiting species is the thorny anode. Yellowish-green thorns with thorn-like protrusions on the surface of the anode fruit. When ripe, the white inside is a very tasty one with a mixture of apricot fibrous juice and sour and sweet. The average BRICS value is around 16. Submerged in this flesh is a fairly large, thick seed black or brown.

Importance of the chemical composition of thorn anodes

 Research has shown that anoda leaves, roots, bark, fruits and seeds contain anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Research has shown that acetogenins contain a compound that slows the growth of cancer cells. Chemicals obtained from anodized leaves, seeds and stems have been found to have insecticidal activity. It has been identified that thorn anode seeds contain about 76% unsaturated fat and about 24% saturated fat. However, it is said that the compound Annonacin in the seeds can have a detrimental effect on the nervous system. The most important factor in acne is its anti-cancer properties. It is said that it is important to drink Anoda drink made from ripe Anoda pulp from time to time as a natural remedy for this.

Thus, Katu Anoda, a delicious and quality fruit, is used medicinally in indigenous medicine

Environmental conditions suitable for cultivation

Areas up to 1500 m above sea level with an ambient temperature of more than 18˚C and precipitation of more than 1500 mm throughout the year are preferred. Anoda can be grown in a variety of soils ranging from sandy soils to clay soils. Anoda is best grown in well-drained, well-ventilated and well drained organic matter with a pH of 5.5 - 6.5. Under poor drainage, thorns are very sensitive to root rot. Extreme heat or intense sun exposure and extreme cold are not suitable for thorny anoda cultivation.

Darker shade reduces anode yield. It is also important to prune as needed and keep adequate spacing between plants. However, care should be taken when pruning plants as mature anodes have been observed to be very sensitive to pruning. Plant training should be done from the earliest stage of the plant.

Heavy rainfall at the time of flowering affects the pollination of the flowers and reduces the fruiting. Thorny anodes are common in home gardens in the lowland wet zone and the central province.

Cultivation

In the same way that the land is prepared for other fruit crops in the selected area. Pits should be cut to 60 × 60 × 60 size and the surface of the pits should be filled with a mixture of soil and well decomposed manure or compost. It is important to mix about 450 g of a mixture of fertilizer mixed in the ratio of N: P2O5: K2O 12:14:14 about a week before planting as the application of chemical fertilizers can lead to rapid healthy growth of the crop. When planting, the spacing should be at least 6 m between plants

Plant Propagation

Can be propagated by thorn anoda seeds and by growth propagation methods. Since thorn anodized flowers are pollinated, it is not possible to have confidence in the ability of the anodized plants prepared from seedlings to produce fruits similar in quality to the fruits of that mother plant. Therefore, it is better to prepare seedlings from growth promoters. Although there is not much diversity among locally grown thorny anoda cultivars, the species is rarely found with higher quality characteristics in taste and structure.

When using seeds for planting, it is important to obtain seeds from a mother plant that is resistant to diseases and pests that produce high yielding quality fruits. However, it takes a long time for the seeds to germinate and the germination is inactive. It is also important to plant the seeds as soon as they are separated from the ripe fruit as the seeds lose their viability quickly.

Storing the dried seeds at a low temperature can also increase the shelf life of the seeds and maintain the germination rate.

Seed germination takes about a month. About 70% - 80% germination rate can be obtained by planting well-drained seeds obtained from a well ripened fruit. It also takes about 7-9 months to plant a seedling directly in the field under good cultivation maintenance conditions. It is very important that the diameter of the stem of the seedling has grown to the required size.

The scientific book shows that thorn anodes can be propagated by grafting, root cuttings, aerial grafting, bud and shoot grafting, and local research has shown that graft grafting (wedge grafting) is more effective. Transplanting of shoots obtained from selected high quality mother plant to a thorny anode receptor plant should be done here. Also, using root ball plants, large fruit bearing thorny anoda plants can be used in our home gardens.

The major problems in anoda cultivation are low yields, small fruits and irregular shape of the fruits. There are various reasons for this, but the main one is poor pollination of Anoda flowers. Anoda flowers are pollinated by insects. Natural pollination is weakened as the stigma matures before pollen matures. Therefore, artificial pollination of anoda flowers increases the quality and quantitative yield of anodes. The best time for pollination is between 6.00 - 11.00 in the morning. Here the anthers of well-blooming flowers can be collected when they turn from yellow to gray. For this it is important to collect pollen from 3.00 - 6.00 pm the day before.

A well maintained thorny anode plant can produce about 35-40 well developed thorny anode fruits per year.

Nutritional value per 100 g of edible ripe anode pulp

Component	Nutritional value
Water	77.9 -  81.7 g
Protein	0.69 – 1.7 g
Fat	0.3 – 0.8 g
Carbohydrates	16.3 – 18.2 g
Fiber	0.78 – 0.95 g
Acidity	0.7 – 1.3 g
Mineral salts	0.4 – 1.86 g
Energy	64 – 71 cal
Calcium	8.8 – 22 mg
Phosphorus	27.1 – 29 mg
Iron	0.6 -0.82 mg
Vitamin	8.9 – 20 mg
Vitamin	0.06 – 0.077 mg
Vitamin	0.05 – 0.12 mg
Vitamin	0.89 – 1.52 mg
Ascorbic acid	16.4 – 22 mg
Tannin	85.30 mg

 

Use

The edible portion is about 65-75% of the total weight of the fruit. The ripe thorn anoda pulp is fragrant and tasty. It is popular as a fresh fruit as well as in the preparation of soft drinks, and can be used to make delicious ice creams from thorny anoda juice.

Due to its acidic or sour nature, some people are reluctant to eat it as a fresh fruit. Therefore, it has become more popular to drink soft drinks. Thorn anoda pulp or juice can be frozen and preserved. Therefore, there is potential for commercial production. Also, pasteurized fruit juice can be stored for up to a year by pasteurization.

According to Ayurveda, the black seeds of the Katu Anoda plant are known as soft fruits and Rama fruits. Anoda fruits, seeds, leaves, bark and flowers are used in the production of local medicines.

Acupuncture is beneficial for almost all bladder related diseases. It is also an antiseptic for worm diseases, scabies and lice infestation, hemorrhoids and eye diseases.

Anoda leaves can be used as a medicine for many oral diseases. Anoda bark is also a medicine for food poisoning of meat, fish, etc. Anoda flower decoction is very beneficial for diseases like cough and phlegm.

Ayurvedic medical research has shown that Anoda leaves can be used to lower blood pressure, control blood sugar and alleviate mental illnesses such as depression.

It is an analgesic for internal, external as well as external eczema, rashes and wounds. Anoda leaves can also be used to make a very good medicinal mixture to remove pus from fermented wounds and nuts. Also, ripe anode fruits can be used to treat joint pain and joint swelling.

Thorn anoda is a very beneficial fruit for the liver. It is therefore a valuable drug that can be prescribed to jaundice patients. Ayurvedic research has shown that Anoda is also good for the growth of milk in lactating mothers.

The anti-cancer properties of Anoda have also been confirmed in Ayurvedic medicine. Thus, it has been reported that many cancer patients with pancreatic and prostate cancer have been completely cured by using thorns, fruits, and prescriptions.

Anoda is also a fruit that cures gastric ulcers and hemorrhoids. Thus, in Ayurveda, Katu Anoda, a delicious fruit, is known as a divine medicine that cures many diseases.